Published 2021-01-28
Keywords
- Handwritten Character Recognition, OCR, Machine Learning, Handwritten Digits Recognition, CNN, Deep Learning.
How to Cite
Saraswathi, D., & Sherif, S. M. (2021). Handwritten Text Recognition System using Machine Learning. Kristu Jayanti Journal of Computational Sciences (KJCS), 1(1), 58–69. https://doi.org/10.59176/kjcs.v1i1.2180
Abstract
Handwritten character recognition is an ongoing research field that features machine learning, computer vision and pattern recognition. To do this, one scans a handwritten document and converts it into a simple text document. The basic Optical Character Recognition (OCR) process is to examine the text of a document and convert it into codes used for data processing. In this machine learning project, deep learning techniques were used to model a neural network that recognizes individual handwritten characters and handwritten numerals. To recognize them, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was built to train on alphabets and the digits datasets and further the predictions done by the trained model were visualized using OpenCV.
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References
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[22] Dariel Dato-on, Joseph Redmon, “MNIST in CSV”, Kaggle.
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[4] J. Pradeep, E. Srinivasan, S. Himavathi, “Diagonal Based Feature Extraction For Handwritten Alphabets Recognition System Using Neural Network”, International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT), Vol 3, No 1, Feb 2011.
[5] Bing Quan Huang, Y. B. Zhang, M. -T. Kechadi et al, “Preprocessing Techniques for Online Handwriting Recognition”, In Nedjah N., de Macedo Mourelle L., Kacprzyk J., França F.M.G., de De Souza A.F. (eds) Intelligent Text Categorization and Clustering. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 164. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
[6] Y. Alginahi, “Preprocessing Techniques in Character Recognition”, Semantic Scholar, 2010.
[7] I Khandokar, Md M Hasan, F Ernawan, Md S Islam, M N Kabir, “Handwritten character recognition using convolutional neural network”, 2021, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1918 042152.
[8] Sumeet S. Singh, d Sergey Karaye, “Full Page Handwriting Recognition via Image to Sequence Extraction”, arXiv:2103.06450v2 [cs.CV] 21 May 2021.
[9] Majed Valad Beigi, “Handwritten Character Recognition Using BP NN, LAMSTAR NN and SVM”, EECS 349, Northwestern University, 2015.
[10] Sushant Gautam, “How to Make Real-Time Handwritten Text Recognition With Augmentation and Deep Learning”, Medium, Dec 15, 2020.
[11] Richeng Cheng, “A survey: Comparison between Convolutional Neural Network and YOLO in image identification”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1453. 012139, 2020.
[12] Jan Matuszewski, Adam Rajkowski, “The use of machine learning algorithms for image recognition”, Proceedings Volume 11442, Radioelectronic Systems Conference 2019, 1144218 (2020).
[13] Gomes, S.L., Rebouças, E.d.S., Neto, E.C. et al. Embedded real-time speed limit sign recognition using image processing and machine learning techniques. Neural Comput & Applic 28, 573–584 (2017).
[14] S. S. Ahranjany, F. Razzazi and M. H. Ghassemian, "A very high accuracy handwritten character recognition system for Farsi/Arabic digits using Convolutional Neural Networks," 2010 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications (BIC-TA), 2010, pp. 1585-1592.
[15] B. Alizadehashraf and S. Roohi, "Persian handwritten character recognition using convolutional neural network," 2017 10th Iranian Conference on Machine Vision and Image Processing (MVIP), 2017, pp. 247-251.
[16] S. Acharya, A. K. Pant and P. K. Gyawali, "Deep learning based large scale handwritten Devanagari character recognition," 2015 9th International Conference on Software, Knowledge, Information Management and Applications (SKIMA), 2015, pp. 1-6.
[17] “OpenCV” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 7 August 2021.
[18] “Handwriting recognition” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 3 October 2021.
[19] Md Tanzil Shahriar, Huyue Li, (2020), “A Study of Image Pre-processing for Faster Object Recognition”.
[20] Rachel Wiles, “Have we solved the problem of handwriting recognition?”, Towards Data Science, June 27, 2019.
[21] Sachin Patel, “A-Z Handwritten Alphabets in .csv format”, 370000+ English Alphabets Image Data-set, Kaggle.
[22] Dariel Dato-on, Joseph Redmon, “MNIST in CSV”, Kaggle.